字母在英文单词中的发音规律 英文字母正确读音
26个字母在单词中的发音规律(补充读音):
元音字母在单词中,在后面关门的情况下,还有一些常见的特殊读音:
a在ny前读“ [e] ”(短音),如:any, many, anyone, anything
a在w或wh后读“ [ɒ]”(短音,嘴形较大),如:wash, want, watch, what
a在s, ss, st前读“[ɑː] ”(长音),如:past, fast, glass, pass, class, basket
i在某些单词中读“ [iː]”(长音),如:police, machine
o在m, n, v, th前读“ [ʌ] ”(短音),如:love, son, some, mother, other
u在某些单词中读“[u:]”(长音),如:June, ruler
u在不少单词中读“[ʊ] ”(短音,想象一下公鸡的叫声,但此音与汉语拼音中对“喔”的标音并不一样,应该说是介于“哦”与“务”之间的一个音,口形比“哦”要小,但比“务”要大),如:put, pull, push, ful
元音字母后面跟着辅音字母w,也像靠着小树r一样,并不视为后面是关门的,而有其特殊的读音:
aw读“ [ɔː]”(长音,嘴形较小),如:draw, law
ew读“[uː]”(长音),如:few, new, newspaper, knew
ew也读“[uː]”(长音), threw, drew, flew, grew
ow读“ [əʊ]”,如:slow, blow, show, snow, threw, window, yellow, borrow, tomorrow
ow也读“[aʊ]”, 如now, how, cow, down, brown
元音字母组合在单词中的读音规律:
ea 读“[iː]”(长音),如:team, clean, sea, tea, east, cheap, easy, speak, season, read
ea 读“[e]”(短音),如:head, bread, ready, weather, health
ea读“ [ɪə]”,如:idea, real, really
ea 读“ [eɪ]”,如:great, break
ee 读“[iː]”, 如:see, bee, free, sheep, feel, meet, need, green, asleep
ai 读“[eɪ] ”,如:train, rain, wait, waiter
ay读“[eɪ]”,如:today, away, stay, may, say, play
ei读“ [eɪ]”,如:eight, weight, eighteen
ey读“ [eɪ]”,如:they, hey,obey
ou 读“[aʊ]”,如:ground, round, around, out, mouse, blouse
ou 读“[ʌ]”(短音),如:young, country, touch, enough, double
ue 读“ [uː]”(长音),如:blue, true
oo 读“[uː]”(长音),如:zoo, soon, food(此单词属例外), cool, tooth, noon, fool
oo 在字母k, d前,读“ [ʊ] ”(短音),如:cook, look, took, good, foot(此单词属例外), wood
oa读“[əʊ] ”,如:coat, goat, soap, boat
oy 读“[ ɔi ]”(注意,此中的“哦”不是长音而是短音的“哦”,嘴形较大),如:boy, joy, toy, enjoy
oi读“[ ɔi ]”(注意,此中的“哦”不是长音而是短音的“哦”,嘴形较大),如:oil, coin, toilet,
ie 读“[ i: ]”,如:piece, thief, field
ie读“ [aɪ]”,如:lie, die, tie
au 读“ [ɔː]”(长音的“哦,嘴形小),如:autumn, daughter, August
ui 读“[uː] ”(长音),如:fruit, juice, suit
元音字母与与辅音字母组合在单词中的读音规律:
air读“[eə]”,如:chair, hair, air, pair, fair
are读“[eə]”,如:care, careful, hare
ere读“[eə]”,如:where, there
ear读“[eə]”,如:wear, pear, bear
ear读“ [ɪə]”,如:near, hear, clear, dear, nearly
ear读“[ɜː]”(长音),如:early, earth, learn, heard
al 读“ [ɔː]”(长音的“哦”,嘴形小),如:call, walk, talk, tall, small
al 读“ ['ɔːl] ”(参考前面的关于字母L读“噢”音的解释),如:also, always, already, almost
aw 读“[ɔː]”(长音的“哦”,嘴形小),如:draw, law, paw, jaw
ore读“[ɔː]”(长音的“哦”,嘴形小),如:before, more, score
oor读“[ɔː]”(长音的“哦”,嘴形小),如:door, floor
our读“[ɔː]”(长音的“哦”,嘴形小),如:four, fourth, course, pour
our读['aʊə]”,如:hour, our
ow读“ [əʊ]”,如:slow, blow, show, snow, throw, window, yellow, borrow, tomorrow
ow “ [aʊ] ”,如:now, how, cow, down, brown
ew读“ [juː]”,如:few, knew, news, newspaper
ew读“ [uː]”,如:threw, drew, flew, grew
tion读“[ˈʃən]”,如:station, action, operation, dictionary
dge 读“[dʒ]”,如:bridge, fridge, judge
igh读“ [aɪ] ”,如:light, right, night, bright, high, fight
ough读“[ɔː]”(长音的“哦”,嘴形小),如:bought, brought, thought
augh读“[ɔː]”(长音的“哦”,嘴形小),如:daughter, taught, caught
ind读“ [aɪnd]”,如:kind, find, mind, behind
old读“ [əʊld]”,如:old, cold, told, sold, hold
字母在英文单词中的发音规律 扩展
一般情况:
A |æ| bag cat
B |b| bed boy
C |k| can car
D |d| dog door
E |ε| red desk
F |f| face fun
G |g| girl game H |h| hat hope
I |I| kiss six J |dʒ| job jump
K |k| key kit L|l| lake light
M |m| man meet N |n| name nice
O|O| cold rose P |p| pen pig
Q |kw| quit queen R |r| road rain
S |S| sea sale T |t| time table
U |ʌ| cup lucky V|V| very voice
W |W| web work X |X| box ox
Y |j| yes yellow Z|Z| zero zoo
特殊情况
|i|→e: we ee: feet see ea: heat flea ey: key ie: field thief |I|→i
字母在英文单词中的发音规律 扩展
英语中音素有48个,而字母只26个,字母跟音素既有区别,又有一定的联系。字母跟音素的关系是一种不完全对称的关系,掌握英语26个字母在单词中的读音一般规则是学好英语重要的一步。
26个字母中有5个纯元音字母(A E I OU),20个纯辅音字母。字母Y为半元音字母,当Y位于词首时为辅音字母,位于词中或词尾时为元音字母,其读音与字母I相同。一般来讲,元音字母在单词中读成元音音素,辅音字母在单词中读成辅音音素。
字母在单词中的读音分为三种情况:一是一个字母读一个音素,二是字母组合在一起读一个音素,三是字母在单词中不发声(voiceless)。
我们可以形象地把读一个音素的字母比作汉字中的笔画,在英语中这个笔画是形声的,把读一个音素的字母组合比作汉字中形声偏旁。所以,掌握字母及字母组合的读音规则就如学习汉字中的笔画与部首偏旁一样,是掌握英语单词拼写和拼读的关键。
二.字母的读音一般规则
元音字母在单词中读元音音素,辅音字母在单词中读辅音音素,理论上每个元音字母要有四种读音才能满足20个元音音素的读音需要。我们把元音字母的四种读音分别称为:重开音,重闭音,非重音与协同音。
重开音是指元音字母在重读开音节的读音,元音字母在重读开音节中一般读字母本身的音或长音。重闭音是指元音字母在重读闭音节中的读。为了方便记忆我们可以把五个元音字母在重读闭音节的读音与单词对应起来,分别是:A读cat;E读egg ; I读pig ;O读dog ;U读 bus。
非重音指的是元音字母在非重读音节的读音,元音字母在非重读音节一般有[ ]与[i]两种读音。协同音是指元音字母在单词中的读音受到前面或后字母影响的读音。元音字母在单词中的读音一般规则可以归纳为下表: